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Introduction

The two present tenses​

Most English verbs have two present tenses. Forms like I wait, she thinks are called ‘simple present’ or ‘present simple’; forms like I am waiting or she’s thinking are called ‘present progressive’ or ‘present continuous’.

General time: simple present​

When we talk about timeless truths, permanent situations or things that happen repeatedly, we usually use the simple present ((see here) for details).

  • Water freezes at 0° Celsius.
  • My parents live near Dover.
  • I often go swimming.

Around now: present progressive​

When we talk about temporary continuing actions and events, which are just going on now or around now, we usually use a present progressive tense (see here).

  • ‘What are you doing?’ ‘I’m reading.’
  • I’m travelling a lot these days.

Future​

Both present tenses can be used to talk about the future ((see here), (see here).

  • I’ll meet you when you arrive.
  • Call me if you’re passing through London.

Terminology: tense and aspect​

In academic grammars, the term ‘aspect’ is often used, for progressive forms. We use ‘tense’ for all verb forms which show time.

Do you know what’s wrong with these, and why?

That baby crys all the time. (see here)

What are frogs eating? (see here)

The kettle boils – shall I make tea? (see here)

I’m liking this wine very much. (see here)

I promise I don’t smoke any more. (see here)

‘There’s the doorbell.’ ‘ I get it.’ (see here)

I’ll phone you when I’ll get home. (see here)

I know her since 1990. (see here)

I’m going to the mountains twice a year. (see here)

I’m swearing that I will tell the truth. (see here)

Here is coming your husband. (see here)