Skip to main content

My suitcase is packed.

Some verbs refer to actions that produce a finished result. Examples are cut, build, pack, close. Other verbs do not: for example push, live, speak, hit, carry. The past participles of finished-result verbs, and some of their passive tenses, can have two meanings. They can refer to the action, or they can describe the result (rather like adjectives). Compare:

  • The theatre was closed by the police on the orders of the mayor. (refers to the action of closing)
  • When I got there I found that the theatre was closed. (refers to the state of being shut – the result of the action)

Because of this, be + past participle can have a similar meaning to a present perfect passive.

  • The vegetables are all cut up – what shall I do now? (= The vegetables have all been cut up …)
  • I got caught in the rain and my suit*’s ruined**.* (= … has been ruined.)
  • I think your ankle is broken. (= … has been broken.)
  • My suitcase is packed. (= … has been packed.)